Thursday, December 22, 2011

[Botany • 2011] มะเข่ว Neo-uvaria sparsistellata & มะเหน่ง N. telopea | 2 new Neo-uvaria (Annonaceae) from Peninsular Thailand


FIGURE 1. Flowers and fruits of Neo-uvaria; A–C. Neo-uvaria telopea: (A) Flower at female anthesis; (B) Flower at male anthesis, showing the blackened stamens; (C) Fruit with five monocarps. E, N. sparsistellata: (E) Flower at female anthesis. Photographs: B, E, S. Gardner; A, C, S. Punnadee.

Abstract
Two new species of Neo-uvaria are described from southern Thailand: Neo-uvaria sparsistellata and N. telopea. In addition, new combinations are made for two Mitrephora species from the Philippines: N. merrillii and N. viridifolia. The pollen morphology of eight Neo-uvaria species and three species of the closely related genus Enicosanthum is studied, using light, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy. The systematic affinity of Neo-uvaria is discussed on the basis of macromorphology, pollen morphology and molecular phylogenetics. The genus Enicosanthum appears to be the closest relative of Neo-uvaria.

Key words: miliusoid clade, palynology, short branch clade, systematics, taxonomy, the Philippines, Thailand

— New species —

Neo-uvaria sparsistellata Chaowasku, sp. nov. (Figs. 1E, F; 2; 3)
Neo-uvaria viridifolia proxima, praecipue petalis minoribus, staminibus carpellisque paucioribus differt.

TYPE:—THAILAND. Phatthalung Province: Si Ban Phot District, Khao Pu/Khao Ya National Park, headquarters, August 2005, Gardner et al. ST 1894 (holotype L!, isotypes BKF, K), in flower and fruit (quite young).

Distribution:— Peninsular Thailand [Phatthalung Province (Fig. 3)] [only known from two collections (Chaowasku 99 and Gardner et al. ST 1894) collected from the same individual].

Habitats and Phenology:— Occurring in aggrading evergreen/deciduous forests amongst limestone outcrops. Elevation ca. 120 m. Flowering August, December. Fruiting August, December.

Etymology:— The epithet refers to the sparse stellate indumentum on the lower leaf surface.

Vernacular names:— Ma-Khiew (Thai).


Neo-uvaria telopea Chaowasku, sp. nov. (Figs. 1A–C; 3; 4)
Neo-uvaria foetida e Malaysia peninsulari proxima, precipue foliis plerumque maioribus, venis tertiariis adiacentibus plus distantibus, pilis (plus) densibus, floribus maioribus, staminum numero minore differt.

TYPE:—THAILAND. Ranong Province: Klong Nakha Wildlife Sanctuary, September 2008, Chaowasku 77 (holotype L!, isotype BKF!), in fruit.

Distribution:— Peninsular Thailand [Ranong Province (Fig. 3)] [only known from two collections (Chaowasku 77 and Gardner & Sidisunthorn ST 1992) collected from the same individual].

Habitats and Phenology:— Occurring in understory of semi-disturbed lowland evergreen forests. Elevation ca. 120 m. Flowering December (collection Gardner & Sidisunthorn ST 1992). Fruiting September (collection Chaowasku 77).

Field notes:— Crown monopodial with horizontal branching. Bark dark brown, smooth with very shallow horizontal cracks with raised edges; middle bark indistinct; inner bark cream, fibrous. Petals pale green aging greenish-yellow, thick and fleshy; staminal mass pale yellow, blackened at male anthesis (Fig. 1B). Monocarps brown with velvety hairs.

Etymology:— The epithet refers to the huge size of the monocarps (Fig. 1C), which therefore can be easily seen from afar.

Vernacular names:— Ma-Neng (Thai).

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— New combinations —
Neo-uvaria merrillii (C.B.Rob.) Chaowasku, comb. nov.
—THE PHILIPPINES. Luzon
Neo-uvaria viridifolia (Elmer) Chaowasku, comb. nov.
—THE PHILIPPINES. Mindanao
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2011: Taxonomic novelties and pollen morphological study in the genus Neo-uvaria (Annonaceae): http://mapress.com/phytotaxa/content/2011/f/pt00032p042.pdf